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What is behind Vietnam’s economic success story?

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The World Bank has forecast Vietnam will show the strongest growth out of emerging economies in Southeast Asia.

 

In a new forecast from the World Bank, Vietnam’s economic growth is expected to reach 6.1% by the end of 2024 and 6.5% in 2025.

Both forecasts are higher than what was estimated in April, with the increase in growth down to a rebound in manufacturing exports, tourism and investment, the report said.

This shows that Vietnam could have a bigger growth in 2025 compared to other emerging economies like Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines.

“Vietnam certainly faces some serious challenges, not least the ailing domestic sector and over-reliance on the [foreign direct investment] sector, but compared to other Southeast Asian countries, its economic prospects remain bright,” Nguyen Khac Giang, researcher and visiting fellow at the ISEAS Institute, told DW.

What is driving growth?

Vietnam, like other Southeast Asian countries, relies heavily on foreign direct investment.

Between 2021 and 2023, FDI inflows into Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and the Philippines averaged about $236 billion a year, according to the ASEAN Investment Report 2024.

As Western investors try to diversify away from China amid geopolitical tensions between the Washington and Beijing, Southeast Asian countries are becoming a top choice for foreign investment from the US, Japan and the EU.

Nguyen Khac Giang said Vietnam is taking advantage of those tensions.

“I think Vietnam can maintain its growth momentum due to its domestic advantage of a 100-million population with a rising middle class, while also optimizing the benefits of its geopolitical position in the great power competition between China and the US,” he said.

China has also been investing in Southeast Asia, with Beijing and Hanoi establishing their “comprehensive strategic partnership” in 2008.

‘China plus one’

Like China, Vietnam’s economic growth comes under the stewardship of a one-party system, with the Communist Party having complete controlover the state’s functions, social organizations and media.

“China is Vietnam’s biggest trade partner, but more importantly, it plays a crucial role in Vietnam’s manufacturing sector, as most of its inputs come from China. I don’t think that will change in the foreseeable future,” Nguyen Khac Giang said.

“China Plus One” is a global economic business strategy for investors to reduce sole reliance on market and supply chain operations in China, aiming to expand into other countries while maintaining presence in the Asian giant.

Countries in Southeast Asia are seen as suited alternatives.

Bich Tran, an adjunct fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), said Vietnam is a top choice.

“Vietnam is one of the top choices for many companies’ China plus one policy because of the geographical proximity and similar culture,” she told DW.

“For those who have been operating in China, moving to Vietnam is much easier, and dealing with the Vietnamese would be more familiar than dealing with Indonesia or Malaysia,” she said.

“That being said, Vietnam is much smaller than China, so it can only absorb a small number of companies who want to relocate. India, if they open up their economy, would have much better chance of competing with China than Vietnam,” she added.

Vietnam attracts Western economies

The US is Vietnam’s second biggest trade partner and largest export market.

In September 2023, Washington and Hanoi upgraded their diplomatic relations, signing a “Comprehensive Strategic Partnership for Peace, Cooperation and Sustainable Development.” Analysts say the agreement was largely to boost economic benefits.

The US is one of Vietnam’s growing list of strategic partners, including Australia, China, India, Russia, South Korea, and more recently France.

But huge investment from Washington is key to economic opportunities for Vietnam.

Apple, the US tech giant, was again named the most valuable company in the world this year.

Vietnam has become a key manufacturing location for the company, with Apple investing over $15 billion in the country in the last five years.

Apple CEO Tim Cook seen during a visit to Hanoi in 2024
© NHAC NGUYEN/AFP

 

Vietnam has low labor costs, and a young and large workforce, with 58% under 35-years-old, out of a population of almost 100 million, making the country an attractive bet for investment.

More structural reforms needed

However, strong growth is also encountering domestic issues. Although Vietnam has one of the fastest growing economies in the region, it has a poor reputation on corruption, political censorship, human rights and civic society.

Domestically, local small to medium companies are struggling to become as competitive as manufacturers exporting to international markets.

Prices are also increasing for essentials such as food production due to climate change events, such as the recent Typhoon Yagi. Vietnam faces frequent electricity shortages, and experts say it must increase the use renewable energy.

Sebastian Eckardt, a practice manager for East Asia at the World Bank, said structural reforms are needed.

“During the first half of the year, Vietnam’s economy benefitted from the rebound in export demand. To sustain growth momentum not only for the rest of the year but over the medium term, the authorities should deepen structural reforms, step up public investment while carefully managing emerging financial risks,” Eckard said.

Edited by: Wesley Rahn

Author: Tommy Walker (in Bangkok)

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Boris Johnson Says He Feels “Perfectly Safe” in Nigeria, Praises Imo State’s Progress

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Former British Prime Minister Boris Johnson has expressed confidence in Nigeria’s security, saying he feels perfectly safe during his visit to the country. His remarks come amid ongoing reports of insecurity in various parts of Nigeria, making his statement a notable endorsement of the nation’s stability in certain regions.

Johnson made the declaration on Thursday, December 4, 2025, while addressing participants at the Imo State Economic Summit 2025 in Owerri, the state capital. He acknowledged having read travel advisories and news reports highlighting security concerns prior to his trip but said his experience has been reassuring.

He said he feels perfectly safe in the country and emphasized that the summit environment and local hospitality contributed to his sense of security. He also asked the audience if they felt safe, receiving an enthusiastic affirmation.

During his visit, Johnson commended Governor Hope Uzodimma and the Imo State Government for their development initiatives, particularly efforts to provide 24-hour electricity. He highlighted the potential of Nigeria as a hub for innovation and economic growth, noting the opportunities presented by emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence.

While his statements have been welcomed by some as a boost to international confidence in Nigeria, analysts caution that the former prime minister’s experience reflects only a controlled and secure environment within Imo State. Several parts of the country continue to face challenges, including banditry, communal conflicts, and kidnappings.

Nonetheless, Johnson’s visit and remarks are significant, sending a positive message to investors and global observers about Nigeria’s potential for stability and progress. They also underscore the contrast between localized experiences of safety and broader security challenges across the country.

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Dangote to Uzodimma: Just show me where to invest

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Dangote

By Emmanuel Iheaka, OWERRI

The President of Dangote Group, Aliko Dangote has assured Governor Hope Uzodimma of Imo State that his group will be one of the biggest investors in the state.

Dangote gave the assurance at the opening session of the Imo Economic Summit 2025 in Owerri on Thursday.

The renowned Africa’s industrialist urged Uzodimma to indicate his preferred area of investment and forget the rest.

Dangote described the Imo governor as a personal friend of decades and commended him for providing enabling environment for investment.

“We will be one of your biggest investors in Imo. So, please tell me the area to invest and we will invest”, Dangote declared.

He called on entrepreneurs to always invest at home, adding that foreigners cannot drive the economy of any nation more than the nationals.

“What attracts foreign investors is a domestic investor. Africa has about 30 percent of the world’s minerals. We are blessed,” he submitted.

Dangote reiterated that his refinery was set to launch 1.4 million barrels per day capacity, the highest for any single refinery in the world.

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Fabergé egg given as Easter gift to mother of Russia’s last emperor sells for record £22.9m

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A diamond-encrusted Fabergé egg that Russia‘s last emperor gave to his mother as an Easter gift has sold for nearly £23million.

Tsar Nicholas II gifted the Winter Egg to Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna in 1913, five years before he was murdered along with his wife and children after the Russian Revolution.

 

Tsar Nicholas II

Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna

 

 

The egg went under the hammer at Londonauction house Christie’s yesterday.

An unnamed buyer stumped up £22,895,000, smashing the previous global record of £8.9million that was set in 2007 when the famous Rothschild Egg was sold.

Carved from delicate rock crystal, the Winter Egg is an icy-looking orb studded with around 4,500 rose-cut diamonds, and stands at only five-and-a-half inches (14 centimetres) tall.

Carl Fabergé, the master jeweller whose creations bedazzled Russia, created 50 Imperial Easter Eggs for the then-ruling Romanov family over a 31-year period, making them incredibly rare and valuable.

They were commissioned as Easter gifts in a tradition started by Tsar Alexander III in the 1880s.

Nicholas II, Alexander’s son, had an annual standing order for two Easter eggs to be made for his mother and his wife, until the fall of the Romanovs in the 1917 Russian Revolution.

A diamond-encrusted Fabergé egg that Russia ‘s last emperor gave to his mother as an Easter gift has sold for nearly £23million

 

Today, only 43 of the Imperial Easter Eggs remain, with seven missing.

The ‘exquisite’ Winter Egg had a pre-sale estimate of more than £20million.

Christie’s Margo Oganesian said: ‘Today’s result sets a new world auction record for a work by Faberge, reaffirming the enduring significance of this masterpiece.’

She added the sale celebrated ‘the rarity and brilliance of what is widely regarded as one of Faberge’s finest creations, both technically and artistically’.

The imperial eggs have enjoyed renewed interest on the art market in recent decades, mainly among wealthy Russians keen to acquire a piece of their country’s history.

Beyond its opulence, it is the ‘technique and craftsmanship’ that makes the Winter Egg exceptional, according to Ms Oganesian.

‘The Winter Egg is truly one of the rarest items that you can find,’ she explained. ‘It’s really hard to comprehend how Faberge created it.’

The egg and its base are sculpted from crystal featuring diamond-encrusted platinum snowflakes.

Carved from delicate rock crystal, the Winter Egg is an icy-looking orb studded with around 4,500 rose-cut diamonds, and stands at only five-and-a-half inches (14 centimetres) tall. Inside, it contains a bouquet of flowers made of white quartz anemones held by gold wire stems, gathered in a platinum basket

The egg and its base are sculpted from crystal featuring diamond-encrusted platinum snowflakes

 

Tsar Nicholas and his wife, Empress Alexandra, with their five children. They were all murdered in 1918

 

Inside, it contains a bouquet of flowers made of white quartz anemones held by gold wire stems, gathered in a platinum basket.

Like many other Romanov possessions, the egg bears witness to Russian history. It was transferred from Saint Petersburg to Moscow in 1920 after the revolution.

As with many other Imperial Eggs, it was sold by the Soviet government to generate foreign currency and was acquired by London jeweller Wartski between 1929 and 1933, according to Christie’s.

The Winter Egg was subsequently part of several British collections but was considered lost from 1975, the auction house said in an essay attached to the sale lot online.

‘For 20 years, experts and specialists lost sight of it until 1994, when it was rediscovered and brought to Christie’s for sale in Geneva,’ said Ms Oganesian.

Eight years later, in 2002, it was sold again for a record $9.6 million in New York.

 

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